https://www.britannica.com/biography/Minamoto-Yoshitomo. Yoshitomo sided along with Taira no Kiyomori in support of the Emperor Go-Shirakawa and Fujiwara no Tadamichi, while his father Minamoto no Tameyoshi sided with the retired Emperor Sutoku and Fujiwara no Yorinaga. Sutoku was placed under house arrest, and Yorinaga was fatally wounded in battle. The emperor and his mother, Taira no Kiyomori’s widow, stepped into the ocean and drowned, followed by Tomomori and hundreds of other Taira warriors. His two sons, Yoshihira and Tomonaga, lost their lives following the Minamoto Clan's defeat in the Heiji Rebellion. With the outbreak of the Hōgen Rebellion in 1156, the members of the Minamoto and Taira samurai clans were beckoned into the conflict. However, despite his attempts to have his father pardoned, Tameyoshi was executed. This page was last edited on 16 October 2020, at 21:27. The cloistered Emperor Toba and his son Emperor Go-Shirakawa sided with the son of Fujiwara regent Fujiwara no Tadazane, Fujiwara no Tadamichi as well as Taira no Kiyomori (a member of the Taira clan), while Cloistered Emperor Sutoku sided with Tadazane's younger son, Fujiwara no Yorinaga. He was a descendant of the Emperor Seiwa. In 1159 Yoshitomo himself attempted to defy the Taira but failed. "[6]:334–335, Yoritomo's wife's family, the Hōjō, took control after his death at Kamakura, maintaining power over the shogunate until 1333, under the title of shikken (regent to the shōgun). [6]:319, From 1181 to 1184, a de facto truce with the Taira dominated court allowed Yoritomo the time to build an administration of his own, centered on his military headquarters in Kamakura. [attribution needed] In the summer of 1189, Yoritomo invaded and subjugated Mutsu Province and Dewa Province. [6]:287 Munemori took a much more aggressive policy against the Minamoto, and attacked Minamoto bases from Kyoto in the Genpei War. [10], In December 1185, Go-Shirakawa granted Yoritomo the authority to collect the commissariat tax (the hyoro-mai or levy contribution of rice) and to appoint stewards (jito) and constables (shugo). [6]:289–291, In 1181, Taira no Kiyomori died, and the Taira clan was now led by Taira no Munemori. [1] His Buddhist name was Bukōshōgendaizenmon (武皇嘯原大禅門). In 1181, Taira no Kiyomori died, and the Taira clan was now led by Taira no Munemori. He appears as a hero unit in the scenario editor for Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings, and as a hero unit in Total War: Shogun 2. His brothers Minamoto no Yoshitsune and Minamoto no Noriyori defeated the Taira in several key battles, but they could not stop Minamoto no Yoshinaka, Yoritomo's rival, from entering Kyoto in 1183 and chasing the Taira south. [6]:278–281, 291, Yoritomo set himself up as the rightful heir of the Minamoto clan, and he set up a capital in Kamakura to the east. The Taira took Emperor Antoku with them. Minamoto no Yoshitsune (源 義経 atau 源 ... Tokiwa Gozen akhirnya keluar dari persembunyian dan menyerahkan diri kepada Taira no Kiyomori setelah mengetahui ibunya tertangkap. He married into the Hōjō clan, led by Hōjō Tokimasa, marrying Tokimasa's daughter, Hōjō Masako. Sebagai pengganti nyawa ibunya dan ketiga orang putranya, Tokiwa Gozen bersedia dijadikan wanita simpanan Kiyomori. Thus a feudal state was now organized in Kamakura while Kyoto was relegated to the role of "national ceremony and ritual". Yoritomo was born in the family villa in Atsuta in Nagoya, Owari Province[2][3][4] (present-day Seigan-ji). However, Yoshihira and Nobuyori were executed. Yoritomo took part in this, especially after things escalated between the Taira and Minamoto after the death of Minamoto no Yorimasa and Prince Mochihito himself. The ex-Emperor's and Shinzei's mansions were burned, while Shinzei was captured and decapitated. Nonetheless, in Kyoto, the Taira clan, now under the leadership of Kiyomori, and the Minamoto clan, under the leadership of Yoshitomo, began to factionalize again. Call to arms and the Gempei War (1180–1185), Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. Tokimasa then flashed back to when Yoritomo started dating the local beauty Yae-hime, only to have their baby murdered by Yae’s father. [9] Later, Yoshitomo was betrayed and killed in his bath. "Minamoto family", Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan Volume 5, (New York: Kodansha, 1983), 177. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minamoto_no_Yoshitomo&oldid=984724950, Articles containing Japanese-language text, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 October 2020, at 18:46. [6]:317–318, 327, 329, 331, In the words of George Bailey Sansom, "Yoritomo was a truly great man … his foresight was remarkable, but so was his practical good sense in setting up machinery to match his own expanding power. In 1199, he ordained as a Buddhist monk. The commander of the Minamoto battleships was actually Minamoto Yoritomo, but the largest chunk of what went on was Minamoto Yoshitsune's doing -- he got more than 800 ships under his command, more than enough to outdo whatever the Taira clan -- led by Taira Munemori-- tried to do, since they only had around 500 battleships -- even though all were larger and better-manned. "Minamoto no Yoritomo" in. [2], His grave in Aichi Prefecture is surrounded on all sides by wooden swords (bokuto), as by legend his last words were "If only I had even a bokuto...", Yoshitomo fathered nine sons in total. The Taira clan was all but eradicated as a threat to Minamoto power and in 1192 Yoritomo would be granted the title of Shogun. [6]:239–241, 256–257, Kiyomori was supported by Fujiwara no Michinori (also known as Shinzei), while Yoshitomo was supported by Fujiwara no Nobuyori. He explained from the time Taira no Kiyomori and Minamoto no Yoshitomo (Yoritomo’s father) were friends, up till when Yoshitomo was betrayed by Kiyomori and the three Minamoto sons were exiled. Nonetheless, Yoritomo was well protected in Kamakura. Yoritomo thus established the supremacy of the warrior samurai caste and the first bakufu (shogunate) at Kamakura, beginning the feudal age in Japan which lasted until the mid-19th century. Minamoto no Yoshitomo (源 義朝) (1123 – 11 February 1160) was the head of the Minamoto clan and a general of the late Heian period of Japanese history. At the time of the outbreak of the Genpei War in 1180, Minamoto no Yoritomo was his eldest surviving son. This is known as the Hōgen Rebellion. He was the husband of Hōjō Masako who acted as regent (shikken) after his death. Tameyoshi was executed, even after numerous pleas from Yoshitomo. One of his brothers-in-law was Ashikaga Yoshikane.[11]. The head of the clan, Tameyoshi, sided with Sutoku; his son, Yoshitomo, sided with Toba and Go-Shirakawa, as well as Kiyomori. Nonetheless, the Minamoto were not well prepared, and the Taira took control of Kyoto. His six remaining sons in order from eldest to youngest were Yoshikado, Mareyoshi, Noriyori, Zenjo, Gien, and Yoshitsune.[3]. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. [6], In the aftermath, harsh terms were imposed on the Minamoto and their allies. After Kiyomori’s victory, Yoshitomo was ordered to kill his father. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. Also, the outcome of the Hōgen rebellion established the Minamoto and Taira as the two strongest political rivals in the country. Later, Yoshitomo was betrayed and killed in his bath. Minamoto Yoshitomo, (born 1123, Japan—died Feb. 12, 1160, Owari Province, Japan), Japanese warrior whose support of Taira Kiyomori, the leader of the Taira clan, in the Hōgen Disturbance (1156) was decisive in a Taira victory over the Minamoto clan, headed by Yoshitomo’s own father, Minamoto Tameyoshi. He refused, but another Minamoto officer, saying it would be a disgrace to allow a Taira to execute Tameyoshi, performed the deed. In the end, the supporters of Go-Shirakawa won the civil war, thus ensuring victory for Yoshitomo and Kiyomori. His son Minamoto no Yoritomo became shōgun and founded the Kamakura shogunate, the first shogunate in the history of Japan. Minamoto Yoshitomo, (born 1123, Japan—died Feb. 12, 1160, Owari Province, Japan), Japanese warrior whose support of Taira Kiyomori, the leader of the Taira clan, in the Hōgen Disturbance (1156) was decisive in a Taira victory over the Minamoto clan, headed by Yoshitomo’s own father, Minamoto Tameyoshi. The years in which Yoritomo was shōgun are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō. He ruled from 1192 until 1199. Thus the Throne "handed to the leader of the military class effective jurisdiction in matters of land tenure and the income derived from agriculture". Yoritomo was not executed by Kiyomori because of pleas from Kiyomori's stepmother. (2005). Two of his sons survived, however, and one, Yoritomo, later defeated Kiyomori and established Minamoto dominance over all of Japan. In December 1190 Yoritomo took up residence in his Rokuhara mansion at the capital, the former headquarters of the Taira clan. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Updates? The Taira took Emperor Antoku with them. Yoritomo's brothers, Minamoto no Noriyori and Minamoto no Yoshitsune were also allowed to live. Sau lời hiệu triệu của Hoàng tử Mochihito và Minamoto no Yorimasa năm 1180, gia tộc này tập hợp lại và củng cố quyền lực.

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