viii. Hence their constant senseless use of the words: good works, bad works, sin, grace, righteousness, virtue, and almost all the most important words and things. Thus it was evidently not the sacrifice of Abel which justified him, but the faith by which he offered himself entirely to God; of which faith the outward sacrifice was a figure. Since, then, we have received this Empire through God’s providence and the schemes of evil men, without our fault, I would not advise that we should give it up, but that we should govern it honestly, in the fear of God, so long as He is pleased to let us hold it. He had nothing but the high-sounding titles of successor of the Cæsars and of ruler of the whole Christian world. It is this remission of guilt, this personal forgiveness, which is the essential element in the justification of which he spoke. I speak from experience. Therefore the temporal Christian power must exercise its office without let or hindrance, without considering whom it may strike, whether pope, or bishop, or priest: whoever is guilty let him suffer for it. For as long as we live we are always doing that which is signified by baptism; that is, we are dying and rising again. The rest of the Reformation, it is not too In fact they have extracted out of this text whatever they would; like men who claim the right to assert at their own free choice whatsoever they please out of any words of Christ, wherever spoken. Which of the ancient Fathers has asserted that by these words priests were ordained? look down upon this, let Thy day of judgment come and destroy the Devil’s lair at Rome. But for all generous hearts, the personal forgiveness is infinitely more precious than the remission of the penalty, and Luther had learned from the Scriptures to regard our relation to God in a similar light. The like happens if an enemy attacks a town. For I too am desirous that these illustrious leaders in war should be adorned with many titles of honour. Christ therefore permits divorce only in the case of fornication. Now I imagine, the first paper wall is overthrown, inasmuch as the temporal power has become a member of the Christian body, and although its work relates to the body, yet does it belong to the spiritual estate. I, Martin Luther, Doctor, of the Order of Monks at Wittemberg, desire to testify publicly that certain propositions against pontifical indulgences, as they call them, have been put forth by me. In this emergency several German Princes and Imperial towns gave proof of a most praiseworthy moral courage. It is a gift of no slight importance to “know the things that are freely given to us of God,” and to know in what manner we ought to use those gifts. Edition: current; Page: [137] prominent part, another momentous gathering took place at Frankfort-on-the-Main. Let him think thus:—I will go and receive the sacrament for myself alone, but while I receive it I will pray for this or that person, and thus, for purposes of food and clothing, receive payment for my prayers, and not for the mass. He seems indeed altogether to have meant not so much to urge my return as to write the praises of the French and of the Roman pontiff, and he must be allowed to testify his obsequiousness to them by this little work, such as it is. It is certain, therefore, that the mass is not a work communicable to others, but the object of each man’s individual faith, which is thus to be nourished and strengthened. So tremendous an indictment, sustained with such intense and concentrated force, could hardly be paralleled in literature. This is what Paul says: “Thanks be to God, which giveth us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ;” victory over sin and death, as he says: “The sting of death is sin, and the strength of sin is the law.” (1 Cor. Whence has he this authority? (1 Cor. Now it came to light how ill-advised was the election of Charles V. as Emperor of Germany. Henceforth no reservations shall be valid, and no benefices shall be appropriated by Rome, whether the incumbent die, or there be a dispute, or the incumbent be a servant of the Pope, or of a cardinal; and all courtiers shall be strictly prohibited and prevented from causing a dispute about any benefice, so as to cite the pious priests, to trouble them and to drive them into a lawsuit.

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