{ bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, At the same time improvements in agriculture and the opening up of new countries have enabled the modern community to gain its food and raw material with a less expenditure of labour force, and the surplus agricultural population has gone to the city. 2. There are several instances of such men in Europe and America, but they are so rare that some reformers consider them as hardly justifying the large expenditure necessary to maintain the existing system. }, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, In addition to the common treasury, supported by the general taxes and charged with the ordinary expenditure, there was a special reserve fund, also in the temple of Saturn, the aerarium sanctum (or sanctius), probably originally consisting _of the spoils of war, afterwards maintained chiefly by a 5% tax on the value of all manumitted slaves, this source of revenue being established by a lex Manlia in 357. The 1999 reform also highlights a subtly changing characteristic of compulsory expenditures. These figures include not only the categories of income and expenditure proper, but also those known as movement of capital, railway constructions and part ite di giro, which do not constitute real income and expenditure.i Considering only income and expenditure proper, the approximate totals are: Thus at the opening of the 17th century, after many adventurous efforts, and the expenditure of many lives and much treasure, the Spaniards found themselves securely established on the river Plate, and had planted a number of centres of trade and colonization in the interior. In spite of the cost of this recoinage, however, the profit on the issue of new silver and bronze usually exceeds in each year the total expenditure of the Mint. dfpSlots['contentslot_4'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/mpuslot', [[300, 250], [336, 280], 'fluid'], 'ad_contentslot_4').defineSizeMapping(mapping_contentslot).setTargeting('cdo_si', '4').setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'mid').setTargeting('hp', 'center').setTargeting('ad_group', Adomik.randomAdGroup()).addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_mpuslot' }}, Clerk Maxwell supposed two compartments, A and B, to be filled with gas at the same temperature, and to be separated by an ideal, infinitely thin partition containing a number of exceedingly small trap-doors, each of which could be opened or closed without any expenditure of energy. var mapping_contentslot = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], [[300, 250], [336, 280], 'fluid']).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 250], [320, 100], [320, 50], [300, 50], 'fluid']).build(); The king submitted for the moment, but at the first opportunity endeavoured to cancel his concessions. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776156', position: 'atf' }}, You plan to migrate all the virtual machines to an Azure pay-as-you-go subscription. }); In many instances old level crossings have been replaced by over-bridges with long sloping approaches; in this way considerable expenditure has been involved, justified, however, by the removal of a danger to the public and of interruptions to the traffic on both the roads and the railways. The growth in expenditures among seniors is also marked. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '448842' }}, Thus, per household public-education expenditures are set to $35,292 for the first generation. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [160, 600] }}, Poland has had no separate budget since 1867; its income and expenditure are included in those of the empire. For 1909-1910, the last year of Natal's existence as a colony, the revenue, £4,035,000, again exceeded the expenditure. Seven-eighths of the revenue comes from the hut tax and customs. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654156' }}, The greater part of the debt arises from the assumption of the debts of the provinces as they entered federation, expenditure on canals and assistance given to railways. If defendant can recover more than 60 (the amount of her expenditures), the suit will be profitable. The growth of public and private healthcare financial obligations will require a limit in the incremental and universal growth of healthcare expenditures. officers, the attorney-general, auditor, important administrative boards, coroners and certain naval and military officers; they have power to pardon offences; and they may exercise some control over expenditure through the constitutional requirement of the governor's warrant for drawing money from the treasury. By extensive reorganizations, and in spite of having to cope with a rising in Nandi, his commission resulted in the reduction of expenditure and increase of local revenue. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_ptl", "ex-mcp"); dfpSlots['contentslot_2'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/mpuslot', [[300, 250], [336, 280], 'fluid'], 'ad_contentslot_2').defineSizeMapping(mapping_contentslot).setTargeting('cdo_si', '2').setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'mid').setTargeting('hp', 'center').setTargeting('ad_group', Adomik.randomAdGroup()).addService(googletag.pubads()); bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776340', position: 'btf' }}, 'cap': true { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [300, 250] }}, }, A relative decrease in expenditures on nondurables reflects the lesser importance of basic goods. The expenditure of the Water Board for1907-1908amounted to 2,846,265. 'min': 3.05, Great Britain and Prussia very properly insisted that Charles John's first duty was to them, the former power rigorously protesting against the expenditure of her subsidies on the nefarious Norwegian adventure before the common enemy had been crushed. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, From its duration and frequent battles and sieges this war involved an immense sacrifice of life to Brazil, the army in the field having been constantly maintained at between 20,000 and 30,000 men, and the expenditure in maintaining it was very great, having been calculated at upwards of fifty millions sterling. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971069', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, The online version of the Collins Dictionary has just been updated again, with another batch of new words and meanings inspired by the events of the summer. The great financiers have made their reputation quite as much by rigorous control over extravagance in expenditure as by dexterity in devising new forms of revenue. ga('send', 'pageview'); to officially stop a document, ticket, law, etc. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_mpuslot1' }}]}, As mentioned, many local government authorities have taken money from the individual accounts to meet other expenditures and thereby created 'empty accounts'. The same source provides for data on consolidated central government expenditures, which are mainly used for the analysis. In the rural and informal sectors, increased expenditures on education, health and better food require higher incomes. A government's revenue and expenditure should be balanced. In the system adopted in 1905 and since maintained, recurring and non-recurring expenditure were shown separately, the non-recurring expenditure being termed special. {code: 'ad_contentslot_4', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_mpuslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/mpuslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [320, 100], [320, 50], [300, 50]] } }, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446385' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_mpuslot_flex' }}, userIds: [{ bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, dfpSlots['topslot_b'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/topslot', [[728, 90]], 'ad_topslot_b').defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_b).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'center').setTargeting('ad_group', Adomik.randomAdGroup()).addService(googletag.pubads()); bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776346', position: 'btf' }}, Savings have been disposed of in order to meet the growing gap between income and, 11. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_mpuslot4_flex' }}, Up to 1854 there was a surplus in hand, but since that time expenditure has on many occasions exceeded income, and the public debt in 1908 was £1,305,000, mainly incurred however on reproductive works. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '448838' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654157' }}, },{ bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776342', position: 'btf' }}, Although the postal rates are high, the service is not self-sustaining, the receipts for 1904 being 7, 01 8,344 milreis, against a total expenditure of 10,099,545 milreis. In the five years1902-1907the average annual receipts and expenditure amounted to £4,500,000, exclusive of the sums received and expended on account of the loans mentioned. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776156', position: 'atf' }}, Scudamore, second secretary to the Post Office, to inquire and report whether the electric telegraph service could be beneficially worked by the Post Office, and whether it would entail any very large expenditure on the. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195459', size: [300, 250] }}, A great deal of skilled superintendence is also required, and first cost is comparatively large. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, iasLog("exclusion label : mcp"); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '448835' }}, The suppression of the Mutiny increased the debt of India by about 40 millions sterling, and the military changes that ensued augmented the annual expenditure by about 10 millions. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195457', size: [320, 50] }}, iasLog("criterion : cdo_dc = english"); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346693' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [120, 600] }}, The expenditure on relief alone was about a million sterling; and the total cost of the famine, including loss of revenue, amounted to nearly twice that amount. The expenditure of the settlement during 1906 amounted to $5,392,380. These are: (1) foreign affairs, including diplomatic and consular representation abroad; (2) the army, including the navy, but excluding the annual voting of recruits, and the special army of each state; (3) finance in so far as it concerns joint expenditure. googletag.pubads().set("page_url", "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/example/english/expenditure"); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195454', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971073', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, ga('set', 'dimension3', "examplesPage"); The Algerian budget for 1906 showed revenue and expenditure balancing at £3,820,000.

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